Nyob rau hauv nthwv dej ntawm miniaturization thiab qib siab ceev niaj hnub hluav taws xob, PCB cov ntawv cim PCB luam tawm ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Tshwj xeeb yog cov multilayer pcb Circuit Court boards, uas tsis yog tsuas yog lub zog txhawb platform rau hluav taws xob sib xyaw, tab sis kuj tseem txoj kev loj rau kev loj kis. Nyob rau hauv no era ntawm high-ceev cov ntaub ntawv kis, kev tswj hwm kev sib cav tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej hauv PCB tsim. Niaj hnub no lub tshuab hluav taws xob extronic lub tswv yim los tham txog vim li cas hauv PCB tswj Circuit Court, txoj kev tswj hwm kev cuam tshuam yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb yog qhov tseem ceeb.
I. Qhov yuam kev?
Impedance, hauv cov khoom hluav taws xob, yog lub peev xwm ntawm Circuit Court los tawm tsam ib qho kev hloov pauv tam sim no thiab suav nrog kev ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv, inductance thiab capactrance cuam tshuam. Hauv kev kis cov kab mob sib kis, kev cuam tshuam feem ntau yog hais txog tus yam ntxwv tsis sib xws, uas yog qhov tsis sib txawv thiab ua kom pom tseeb tias cov cim qhia hauv lub xeev zoo heev.
Ii. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua yeeb yam los tham txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom yuam kev
Cov teeb liab kev ncaj ncees: Thaum lub teeb liab kev sib kis ntawm tus PCB, yog tias nws tau sib cav sib ceg, thiab cov kab mob sib kis, thiab muaj teeb meem loj, yuav ua rau tiav teeb liab. Kev sib raug zoo tuaj yeem txo qis cov kev xav zoo li no thiab ua kom muaj kev paub meej thiab kev ncaj ncees.
Lub hwj huam muab hluav taws xob ruaj khov: nyob rau hauv cov kev tsim hluav taws xob siab tshaj plaws hauv Circuit Court, qhov kev tswj hwm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob muab thiab lub dav hlau sib luag yog qhov tseem ceeb. Zoo impedance txo hwj chim ripple thiab txhim kho qhov ruaj khov thiab ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, uas tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj rau kev ncig loj.
EMI \/ EMC ua raws: Kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob (EMI) thiab cov teeb meem elec uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob niaj hnub. Kev tsim kho kev tsis sib haum pab kom txo cov pa tawm tsis tau thiab ua kom yooj yim rau cov khoom lag luam kom dhau EMC qauv kev xeem.
III. Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob uas tau tham txog cov kev sib tw tshwj xeeb hauv Multilayer PCB
Cov qauv nyuaj ntawm cov pob zeb multilayer thiab cov teeb liab tau nce ntxiv los ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm kev sib txuas thiab sib tham ntawm ntau txheej. Cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, kab dav, kab txuas, thiab tooj liab ntawv ntawm txhua txheej cuam tshuam rau cov impedance ntawm cov kis tau tus kab mob. Yog li ntawd, kho kom tsis muaj kev tswj tau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum tsim cov multilayer PCBs:
Kev tswj hwm ntawm inter-txheej crosstalk: cov paib txheej txheem tau npaj kom ze rau hauv cov kab ke multilayer yuav ua rau lub teeb liab crosstalk, cuam tshuam rau cov cim teeb liab. CrosStalk tuaj yeem raug suppressed zoo los ntawm kev teeb tsa tsim nyog thiab ua tib zoo tau laij cov kev sib txuam.
Kev ua haujlwm siab ntau zaus: raws li cov kev ua haujlwm ntau nce ntxiv, qhov cuam tshuam kev sib txuam yuav tsum muaj qhov ntsuas siab dua. Cov ntsiab lus siab tshaj plaws yog kev nkag siab zoo heev rau txhua qhov tsis sib haum thiab yuav tsum tau nruj dua kev tswj hwm kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm kev sib kis tau nrawm.
IV. Lub tswv yim kom ua tiav kev tswj yuam kev
Kev Npaj Ua Ntej Ua Ntej: Hauv kev tsim qauv ntawm PCB yuav tsum txiav txim siab qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb, thiab xaiv cov qauv tsim nyog thiab teeb tsa cov qauv.
Kev xam tau: kev siv cov kws tshaj lij PCB tsim software rau kev txwv cov kev suav, nrog rau kab dav, nrog cov kab txuas tuab thiab dielectric tas li.
Kev tsim qauv tsim qauv: ua haujlwm ze ze nrog pcb chaw tsim khoom kom paub tseeb tias kev siv nyiaj, piv txwv li, siv laser ncaj ncaj kev yees duab (ldi) los txhim kho qhov raug.
Kev kuaj tom qab kuaj xyuas: Tom qab ua tiav cov qauv tsim, cov khoom tiav tau qhia txog kev sim ua kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ua yuam kev tiag tiag nrog cov hom phiaj tsim.
Hauv ntej, kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm hauv PCB multilayer Circuit Coup tsim yog kom ntseeg tau teeb liab zoo, txhim kho cov teeb liab kev ua tau zoo thiab ua tau raws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib xyaw ntawm lub hauv paus. Nrog kev nce qib txuas ntxiv ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob, qhov kev tsim kho tsis zoo, tab sis kuj yuav tsum tau siv ntau yam ntawm kev tsim tawm thiab kev tsim cov kev sib tw nrog cov kev sib tw.
