PCBA rau Kev Lag Luam iotion (iiot): Right kev txawj ntse thiab kev koom ua ke Cybery
Raws li muaj iot (iiot) hloov chaw tsim khoom, lub zog, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom siv kom txawj ntse, kev sib txuas lus tiag tiag. Cov kev lag luam no {- qib pcbas yuav tsum tshuav kev sib tw siab, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis muaj txiaj ntsig ntau lab lab thiab cyberattacks muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub cev. Txoj kev no tshuaj xyuas cov kev xav tau ntawm Iiot PCBa, kev txawj ntse tom ntug kev txawj ntse.
Cov kev xav tau ntawm Iiot PCBA
Iiot pcbas Ua haujlwm hauv cov chaw muaj kev nyab xeeb thaum txhawb txoj kev ua haujlwm ncaj ncees, xav tau ib qho kev tsim tshwj xeeb ntawm cov qauv tsim.
Ib puag ncig thiab cov neeg kho tshuab ruggedness
Kub tiv thaiv: Ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thoob plaws - 40℃(xav tau cov khoom siv hauv pem teb lossis cov khoom siv hauv pem teb (piv txwv li, -40℃rau 125℃capacitors).
NEEG KHO TSHUAB DURISHAB: Nrog kev sib tw (10-2000z, 5g nrawm) thiab poob siab (50g) hauv kev siv cov tshuab ecion) thiab cov iav txhawb nqa epoxy) thiab cov nplaum sib khi ua ke.
EMC / EMI Kev Tiv Thaiv: Tiv thaiv electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv (piv txwv li, cov neeg muaj peev xwm, welders), ua raws li IEC 61000 qauv. Tiav ntawm daim thaiv npog ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog, lim i / o ports, thiab av plane kev ua kom zoo.
Ntug MacTus muaj peev xwm
Iiot pcbas txheej txheem cov ntaub ntawv hauv zos (ntawm ntug) los txo cov qia thiab bandwidth kev siv lub zog:
Embedded Processors: Tsawg {{{- Lub zog Microcontrollers (Mcus) lossis System {1} {}, kev kuaj xyuas lub sijhawm, kev tshuaj xyuas zoo).
Zos Cia: Industrial {-} eel grademory (piv txwv li emmc, nvme) nrog kev hnav theem kev nkag mus hauv cov xwm txheej txuas ntxiv.
Sensor Kev Sib Tw: Kev sib koom ua ke ncaj qha nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke (piv txwv li, kub, siab, canopen, lossis OPC UAE, tshem tawm qhov xav tau sab nraud.
Tsawg zog thiab lub zog txuag
Ntau iiot nodes yog roj teeb - powered lossis siv lub zog ua kom zoo rau kev siv hluav taws xob tsawg tsawg:
Fais fab tswj ics (pmics): High {{{{{}} efficiency (ntau dua los yog sib npaug ntawm 95%) voltage regulators thiab dc {} dc convers kom txo qis zog.
Tsawg -} power hom: Kev txhawb nqa rau kev pw tsaug zog thiab wake - {}} kev tshwm sim hom, txo cov khoom siv standby noj rau<1μA.
Zog ntxawm ntxawm sau kev sib raug zoo: Circuital uas tau tsim los sib sau ua ke nrog cov neeg sau qoob yas (xws li cov tshuab hluav taws xob), ua kom tus kheej-}}}}} kev ua haujlwm.
Kev cai Cyberrecutation rau Iiot PCBA
IIiot pcbas yog Prime hom phiaj rau cyberattacks, raws li kev ua txhaum yuav cuam tshuam kev lag luam lossis ua kom raug mob lub cev. Kev ruaj ntseg yuav tsum tau kos rau theem kho vajtse.
Hardware -} rooted kev ruaj ntseg
Cov ntsiab ruaj khov (SES): Dedicated chips encryptions, daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab cov khoom ntiag tug, tawm tsam kev ua phem (piv txwv li} channel tawm tsam, rov qab engineering, rov qab engineering).
Trusted platform module (TPM): Hardware {-} Cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb rau kev ncaj ncees ntawm firmware thiab software thaum kev tiv thaiv malware txhaj tshuaj.
TUAG KHIAV: Xyuas tau tsuas yog kuaj xyuas cov firmware tau ua rau PCBA, thaiv cov cai tsis tso cai.
Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tiv Thaiv thiab Kev Sib Txuas Lus Kev Ruaj Ntseg
Ntawm -} nti encryption: Hardware - es acceler attased encryptated (AES-256) rau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm so (khaws cia rau Flash) thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv Transit (kis ntawm tes haujlwm).
Muaj kev sib txuas lus kev sib txuas lus: Txhawb rau TLS 1.3, mqtt {{1} Sn, thiab DTLs rau cov ntaub ntawv tso rau cov ntaub ntawv huab lossis chaw sib tw.
Kev Tswj Xyuas: Lub luag haujlwm -} Siv tau rau PCBA ua haujlwm, nrog ntau {{}} qhov tseeb authivation hloov.
Tshaj - - huab cua (OTA) kev ruaj ntseg
Cov hloov tshiab OTA yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom muaj kev pheej hmoo, tab sis lawv Pose kev pheej hmoo ruaj ntseg yog tias tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv:
Kev txheeb xyuas cov tshiab: Firmware hloov tshiab tau kos npe nrog cov ntawv pov thawj digital los tiv thaiv kev ua phem.
Kev tiv thaiv yob: Tiv thaiv kev nce mus rau sab nraud, cov khoom siv tsis yooj yim.
Delta hloov tshiab: Cov khoom xa tuaj tsuas hloov pauv ntu ntu, txo cov kev siv bandwidth thiab hloov sijhawm.
Kev tsim khoom thiab siv tau rau Iiot PCBA
Industrial - Qib PCBas xav tau kev tsim tshwj xeeb thiab kuaj cov kev ntseeg tau thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Industrial - qib qib kev lag luam
Cheebtsam Sourcing: Kev siv cov Cheebtsam uas muaj tag nrho traceability thiab kev lag luam ntsuas kub, zam kev siv cov neeg siv {{}} qib xeem.
Cov Txheej Txheem Conformal: Daim ntawv thov ntawm urethane los yog Silicone tsho tiv thaiv los tiv thaiv cov hmoov av, noo noo, thiab tshuaj lom neeg raug rau hauv cov chaw ua haujlwm).
Kev Kuaj Siab Beliability: Kev sim lub neej ua kom nrawm (alt) Xws li kuaj qhov kub thiab txias (85% kev kuaj (85%
Kev siv tau CybenceCaby
Kev Kuaj Nkag Mus Kuaj: Simulated cyberattacks kom paub cov kev tsis txaus ntseeg hauv cov khoom kho vajtse thiab firmware.
Sab -} channel kev tsom xam (SCA): Tshuaj ntsuam xyuas qhov tsis yooj yim rau kev siv hluav taws xob lossis ntsuas hluav taws xob.
Kev Ua Raws: Rooj sib ntsib cov qauv cybercurity CYCACITE (piv txwv li IEC 62443, NIST SP 800-193) kom ntseeg tau tias lub ntiaj teb kev ruaj ntseg kev ua haujlwm.
Yav tom ntej cov ncauj lus hauv Iiot PCBA
Ntug Ai Advances: Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev ua haujlwm neural
Xoom - ntseeg architecture (ZTA): Hardware -}}}}}}} ntseeg tau cov khoom siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv.
Kev saib xyuas kev kwv yees rau PCBAS: Embedded Sensors Saib Xyuas PCBa Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv (piv txwv li, kev sib koom ua ke, sib sau ua tiav ua ntej lawv tshwm sim, ua kom tiav.
